The majority of HIV infection from unprotected sexual relations between individuals one of whom has HIV. Heterosexual intercourse is the main mode of HIV infection in the world. During sexual intercourse, only the male condom or female condom can reduce the likelihood of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases as well as the possibility of pregnancy.
The best current evidence indicates that condom use reduces the risk of transmission of HIV prevalent until approximately 80% in the long run, although this benefit is greater if condoms are used correctly on every occasion.
Male condoms made from latex, if used correctly without oil-based lubricants, is the single most effective technology today to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Parties condom manufacturers recommend that oil-based lubricants like petroleum jelly, butter, and lard not be used with latex condoms because these materials can dissolve latex condoms and make holes. If necessary, the manufacturers recommend using water-based lubricants. Used oil-based lubricants with polyurethane condoms.
The female condom is an alternative to male condoms made of polyurethane, which allows it to be used with oil-based lubricants. Female condoms are larger than the male condom has an open end and ring-shaped hard, and are designed to be inserted into the vagina.
The female condom has a ring inside that makes the condom remains inside the vagina - to insert the female condom, the ring must be pressed. Obstacles is that now the female condom is still rarely available and the price is not affordable for large numbers of women. Preliminary research indicates that with the availability of female condoms, sexual relations with a protective overall increase relative to unprotected intercourse, so that the female condom is an important HIV prevention strategy.
Research on the one infected partner show that with consistent condom use, the rate of HIV infection to an uninfected partner are below 1% per year. The strategy of prevention has been well recognized in developed countries.
However, behavioral and epidemiological research on in Europe and North America showed the presence of minority groups of young people who still do high-risk activities despite knowing about HIV / AIDS, thus ignoring the risks they face on HIV infection. However, HIV transmission antarpengguna drugs has decreased, and HIV transmission by blood transfusion is becoming quite rare in developed countries.
In December 2006, research using randomized controlled trials confirmed that male circumcision reduces the risk of HIV infection in heterosexual African men by about 50%. It is hoped this approach will be promoted in many countries are infected with HIV is most severe, although its application will be faced with a number of issues in relation to practicality, culture, and behavior. Some experts are concerned that the perception of a lack of susceptibility of HIV in male circumcision, may increase risky sexual behavior, thereby reducing the impact of these prevention efforts.
In December 2006, research using randomized controlled trials confirmed that male circumcision reduces the risk of HIV infection in heterosexual African men by about 50%. It is hoped this approach will be promoted in many countries are infected with HIV is most severe, although its application will be faced with a number of issues in relation to practicality, culture, and behavior. Some experts are concerned that the perception of a lack of susceptibility of HIV in male circumcision, may increase risky sexual behavior, thereby reducing the impact of these prevention efforts.
